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(linki aktywacyjne nie działają) - zwykle w ciągu ok. 24 ÷ 48 h.
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| Autor |
Wiadomość |
 Temat: Strach i kilka pytan. |
absenteeism
Odpowiedzi: 23
Wyświetleń: 19432
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 Dział: Nowotwory złośliwe skóry, czerniaki skóry i oka Wysłany: 2014-10-28, 19:37 Temat: Strach i kilka pytan. |
| Aleksandra_A napisał/a: | Jakie jest prawdopodobieństwo dziedziczenia czerniaka ?
jeśli dodatkowo spełnia się wszystkie inne kryteria ( jak karnacja, oparzenia czy liczne znamiona )? |
Procentowo niestety nie obliczę.
| Cytat: | | Heredity plays a major role in melanoma. About one in every 10 patients diagnosed with the disease has a family member with a history of melanoma. If your mother, father, siblings or children have had a melanoma, you are in a melanoma-prone family. Each person with a first-degree relative diagnosed with melanoma has a 50 percent greater chance of developing the disease than people who do not have a family history of the disease. |
źródło: http://www.skincancer.org...nd-risk-factors
| Cytat: | | Generally, a family history of melanoma appears to increase risk of melanoma by about twofold. A family cancer registry study assessed over 20,000 individuals with melanoma and found a standardized incidence ratio of 2.62 for offspring of individuals with melanoma and 2.94 for siblings.[59] A study looking at the contribution of family history to melanoma risk showed a population-attributable fraction ranging from less than 1% in northern Europe to 6.4% in Australia,[60] suggesting that only a small percentage of melanoma cases are caused by familial factors. Rarely, however, in some families many generations and multiple individuals develop melanoma and are at much higher risk. For individuals from these families, the incidence of melanoma is higher for sun-protected rather than sun-exposed skin.[61] The major hereditary melanoma susceptibility gene, CDKN2A, is found to be mutated in approximately 35% to 40% of families with three or more melanoma cases. To date, more than half of the families with multiple cases of melanoma have no identified mutation.[62,63] The definition of a familial cluster of melanoma varies by geographical region, worldwide, because of the role played by UV radiation in melanoma pathogenesis. In heavily insolated regions (regions with high ambient sun exposure), three or more affected family members are required; in regions with lower levels of ambient sunlight, two or more affected family members are considered sufficient to define a familial cluster. |
źródło: http://www.cancer.gov/can...ge4#Section_318
| Cytat: | Relative Risk Factors
While UV exposure has been proven to increase the risk of melanoma there are other factors which can also greatly increase an individual's chance of being diagnosed with melanoma. Risk factors contributing to melanoma are measured by their Relative Risk (usually referred to as RR). A higher RR means a greater chance of developing melanoma. For example a history of non-melanoma skin cancer has a RR of 4 for melanoma. This means that if you have such a history, your chance of developing melanoma is 4 times greater than those who do not have a history of non-melanoma skin cancer.Relative Risk factors for melanoma include:
- Total number of naevi (moles). This is the most important common independent risk factor. The RR for people with 25 to 50 naevi on their body is 4.4 while the RR for 100 or more naevi on the body is 9.8.
- Presence of atypical (dysplastic, or DN) naevi. In patients with DN syndrome the RR is very high. This becomes even higher when there is also a personal or family history of melanoma. The RR for people with 1 to 5 DN is 3.8 while the RR for people with DN syndrome is 17 to 47.
- Caucasian (Anglo-Celtic) races have a significantly increased risk compared with substantial low risk in Asian and dark-skinned races.
- A history of solar keratoses and non-melanoma skin cancer. The estimated RR for non-melanoma skin cancer is 4.
- Pale skin with poor tanning ability has an RR of 3.
- Early onset of living in an area of high ambient solar radiation. A low solar radiation environment prior to 10 years of age has an RR of 0.3.
- Having at least one first degree relative with melanoma. Only about 5% of melanomas occur in a true melanoma family-prone setting. About 20% of these families have mutations in the p16/CDKN2A gene. The RR of melanoma is 2.2 for individuals who have a family history of melanoma.
- History of sunburn at any age has a RR of 1.9.
- Non-occupational "intermittent" sun exposure has a RR of 1.7.
- Freckling skin has an RR of 1.5.
- Personal history of melanoma increases the risk of a second melanoma. Australian figures estimate a 12% chance of developing a second melanoma within 10 years of the first diagnosed.
- Increasing age. Melanoma is rare prior to puberty and increases in incidence with age.
- Large congenital naevi (> 20cm or 5% of total body area): RR = 10.1, even in cohorts where more than half of patients' lesions are partly or completely excised.
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źródło: http://www.melanoma.org.a...sk-factors.html |
| Temat: Strach i kilka pytan. |
absenteeism
Odpowiedzi: 23
Wyświetleń: 19432
|
Dział: Nowotwory złośliwe skóry, czerniaki skóry i oka Wysłany: 2014-10-28, 17:31 Temat: Strach i kilka pytan. |
| Aleksandra_A napisał/a: | | pierwsze słyszę żeby kropki na czerniaka były jego cechą charakterystyczną |
Owszem, tzw. peppering czy pepper-like areas zwykle są oznaką albo znamienia dysplastycznego, albo czerniaka. Co nie oznacza, że w 100% oznaczają one czerniaka.
Polecam zapoznać się z: Melanoma Molecular Map Project - Dermoscopy |
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